API 5L Grade B Seamless and Welded Pipe

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API 5L Grade B seamless steel pipe is widely used in the oil and gas industry. API 5L is a standard developed by the American Petroleum Institute (API) for the specification of pipeline steel pipes, the“L” in“5L” stands for Line. The standard covers seamless and welded steel pipe, and Grade B is one of the specific grades. The API 5L standard is updated regularly to keep pace with industry developments and technological advances and to ensure the quality and performance of steel pipes in harsh environments such as oil and gas transmission.

The ANSI / API 5CTstandard outlines the production requirements for two product levels, namely PSL1 and PSL2, of both seamless and welded steel pipes. These pipes are specifically designed for use in pipelines involved in the transportation of petroleum and natural gas.

API 5L Grade B PSL1 pipesChemical Composition（t≤0.984）

Steel Grade	Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses a,g
	C	Mn	P	S	V	Nb	Ti
	max b	max b	max	max	max	max	max
Seamless Pipe
X42	0.28	1.4	0.3	0.3
Welded Pipe
X42	0.26	1.4	0.3	0.3
a. Cu ≤ = 0.50% Ni; ≤ 0.50%; Cr ≤ 0.50%; and Mo ≤ 0.15%, b. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum concentration for carbon, an increase of 0.05% above the specified maximum concentration for Mn is permissible, up to a maximum of 1.65% for grades ≥ L245 or B, but ≤ L360 or X52; up to a maximum of 1.75% for grades > L360 or X52, but < L485 or X70; and up to a maximum of 2.00% for grade L485 or X70., c. Unless otherwise agreed NB + V ≤ 0.06%, d. Nb + V + TI ≤ 0.15%, e. Unless otherwise agreed., f. Unless otherwise agreed, NB + V = Ti ≤ 0.15%, g. No deliberate addition of B is permitted and the residual B ≤ 0.001%

API 5L Grade BPSL 2 pipesChemical Composition（t≤0.984）

Steel Grade	Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses																		Carbon Equiv a
	C		Si		Mn		P		S		V		Nb		Ti		Other		CE IIW		CE Pcm
	max b		max		max b		max		max		max		max		max				max		max
Seamless and Welded Pipe
X42R	0.24		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.1		0.05		0.04		d,e,l		0.43		0.25
X42N	0.24		0.4		1.2		0.025		0.015		0.06		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43		0.25
X42Q	0.18		0.45		1.4		0.025		0.015		0.1		0.05		0.04		d,e,l		0.43		0.25
Welded Pipe
X42M		0.22		0.45		1.3		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		e,l		0.43	0.25
a. SMLS t>0.787”, CE limits shall be as agreed. The CEIIW limits applied fi C > 0.12% and the CEPcm limits apply if C ≤ 0.12%, b. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum for C, an increase of 0.05% above the specified maximum for Mn is permissible, up to a maximum of 1.65% for grades ≥ L245 or B, but ≤ L360 or X52; up to a maximum of 1.75% for grades > L360 or X52, but < L485 or X70; up to a maximum of 2.00% for grades ≥ L485 or X70, but ≤ L555 or X80; and up to a maximum of 2.20% for grades > L555 or X80., c. Unless otherwise agreed Nb = V ≤ 0.06%, d. Nb = V = Ti ≤ 0.15%, e. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50%; Ni ≤ 0.30% Cr ≤ 0.30% and Mo ≤ 0.15%, f. Unless otherwise agreed, g. Unless otherwise agreed, Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%, h. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 0.50% Cr ≤ 0.50% and MO ≤ 0.50%, i. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.50% and MO ≤ 0.50%, j. B ≤ 0.004%, k. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.55% and MO ≤ 0.80%, l. For all PSL 2 pipe grades except those grades with footnotes j noted, the following applies. Unless otherwise agreed no intentional addition of B is permitted and residual B ≤ 0.001%.

API 5L Grade B PSL1 pipesTensile and Yield Strength

Pipe Grade	Tensile Properties – Pipe Body of SMLS and Welded Pipes PSL 1			Seam of Welded Pipe
	Yield Strength a	Tensile Strength a	Elongation	Tensile Strength b
	Rt0,5 PSI Min	Rm PSI Min	(in 2in Af % min)	Rm PSI Min
X42	42,100	60,200	c	60,200
a. For intermediate grade, the difference between the specified minimum tensile strength and the specified minimum yield for the pipe body shall be as given for the next higher grade. b. For the intermediate grades, the specified minimum tensile strength for the weld seam shall be the same as determined for the body using foot note a. c. The specified minimum elongation, Af, expressed in percent and rounded to the nearest percent, shall be determined using the following equation: Where C is 1 940 for calculation using Si units and 625 000 for calculation using USC units Axc is the applicable tensile test piece cross-sectional area, expressed in square millimeters (square inches) , as follows – For circular cross-section test pieces, 130mm2 (0.20 in2) for 12.7 mm (0.500 in) and 8.9 mm (.350 in) diameter test pieces; and 65 mm2 (0.10 in2) for 6.4 mm (0.250in) diameter test pieces. – For full-section test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified outside diameter and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2) – For strip test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified width of the test piece and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2) U is the specified minimum tensile strength, expressed in megapascals (pounds per square inch)

API 5L Grade B PSL2 pipesTensile and Yield Strength

Pipe Grade	Tensile Properties – Pipe Body of SMLS and Welded Pipes PSL 2						Seam of Welded Pipe
	Yield Strength a		Tensile Strength a		Ratio a,c	Elongation	Tensile Strength
	Rt0,5 PSI Min		Rm PSI Min		R10,5IRm	(in 2in)	Rm (psi)
						Af %
	Minimum	Maximum	Minimum	Maximum	Maximum	Minimum	Minimum
X42N,X42R,X42Q,X42M	42,100	71,800	60,200	95,000	0.93	f	60,200
a. For intermediate grade, refer to the full API5L specification.
b. for grades > X90 refer to the full API5L specification.
c. This limit applies for pies with D> 12.750 in
d. For intermediate grades, the specified minimum tensile strength for the weld seam shall be the same value as was determined for the pipe body using foot a.
e. for pipe requiring longitudinal testing, the maximum yield strength shall be ≤ 71,800 psi
f. The specified minimum elongation, Af, expressed in percent and rounded to the nearest percent, shall be determined using the following equation:

Where C is 1 940 for calculation using Si units and 625 000 for calculation using USC units
Axc is the applicable tensile test piece cross-sectional area, expressed in square millimeters (square inches) , as follows
– For circular cross-section test pieces, 130mm2 (0.20 in2) for 12.7 mm (0.500 in) and 8.9 mm (.350 in) diameter test pieces; and 65 mm2 (0.10 in2) for 6.4 mm (0.250in) diameter test pieces.
– For full-section test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified outside diameter and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2)
– For strip test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified width of the test piece and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2)
U is the specified minimum tensile strength, expressed in megapascals (pounds per square inch
g. Lower values fo R10,5IRm may be specified by agreement
h. for grades > x90 refer to the full API5L specification.

API 5L Grade B pipes Tolerances Outside Diameter, Out of roundness and wall thicknes

Specified Outside Diameter D (in)	Diameter Tolerance, inches				Out-of-Roundness Tolerance in
	Pipe except the end a		Pipe end a,b,c		Pipe except the End a	Pipe End a,b,c
	SMLS Pipe	Welded Pipe	SMLS Pipe	Welded Pipe
< 2.375	-0.031 to + 0.016		– 0.031 to + 0.016		0.048	0.036
≥2.375 to 6.625					0.020D for	0.015D for
	+/- 0.0075		– 0.016 to + 0.063		D/t≤75	D/t≤75
					By agreement for	By agreement for
					D/t≤75	D/t≤75
>6.625 to 24.000	+/- 0.0075	+/- 0.0075D, but max of 0.125	+/- 0.005D, but max of 0.063		0.02	0.01
>24 to 56	+/- 0.0	+/- 0.005D but max of 0.160	+/- 0.079	+/- 0.063	0.015D for but max of 0.060	0.01D for but max of 0.500
					For	For
					D/t≤75	D/t≤75
					By agreement	By agreement
					for	for
					D/t≤75	D/t≤75
>56	As agree
a. The pipe end includes a length of 4 in ate each of the pipe extremities b. For SMLS pipe the tolerance apply for t≤0.984in and the tolerances for the thicker pipe shall be as agree c. For expanded pipe with D≥8.625in and for non-expanded pipe, the diameter tolerance and the out-of-roundness tolerance may be determined using the calculated inside diameter or measured inside diameter rather than the specified OD. d. For determining compliance to diameter tolerance, the pipe diameter is defined as the circumference of the pipe in any circumferential plane divide by Pi.

Wall thickness	Tolerances a
t inches	inches
SMLS pipe b
≤ 0.157	-1.2
> 0.157 to < 0.948	+ 0.150t / – 0.125t
≥ 0.984	+ 0.146 or + 0.1t, whichever is the greater
≥ 0.984	– 0.120 or – 0.1t, whichever is the greater
Welded pipe c,
≤ 0.197	+/- 0.020
> 0.197 to < 0.591	+/- 0.1t
≥ 0.591	+/- 0.060
a. If the purchase order specifies a minus tolerance for wall thickness smaller than the applicable value given in this table, the plus tolerance for wall thickness shall be increased by an amount sufficient to maintain the applicable tolerance range. b. For pipe with D≥ 14.000 in and t≥0.984in, the wall thickness tolerance locally may exceed the plus tolerance for wall thickness by an additional 0.05t provided that the plus tolerance for mass is not exceeded. c. The plus tolerance for wall thickens does not apply to the weld area d. See the full API 5L spec for full details

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